Composition
The relationship between objects made visible by contrasts is called composition.

Unity
Static unity is composed of geometric and regular shapes, such as inorganic shapes and forms, e.g., drops of water, snowflakes, and crystals. Passive and inert (without motion) static design is based on a regular, repetitive pattern. Dynamic unity concerns plants and animals are active, living, and growing.

Forces
Cohesive forces are elements that tend to unify a composition are cohesive forces. A border is a cohesive force as well as arrangements of elements in a definite form or according to a principle. Segregate forces refer to unbound objects arranged in a unified and interesting manner.
In a dento-facial composition, harmony depends on the equilibrium created by cohesive and segregate forces.

Symmetry
Symmetry refers to the regularity in the arrangement of forms or objects. There are two types of symmetry, horizontal, or running symmetry, and radiating symmetry. Symmetry must be introduced in dento-facial composition.

Proportion
The concept of beauty has most often corresponded to a harmony in proportion. Pythagoras called this relationship the golden number.
The development of aesthetic studies was dominated by concepts of sympathy, shape, and behaviour and removed the spotlight on the mathematical aesthetic. It seems more pertinent today to combine the numerical quantification of beauty with its psychophysical quantification.
The golden proportion appears to be an example of harmony in which cohesive and segregate forces are equally integrated and a required consideration in dental aesthetics.

Balance
Balance
Balance can be defined as the stabilisation resulting from the exact adjustment of opposing forces. Our perceptive visual sense is used to maintain or induce equilibrium. Things farther out from the centre have more impact than those closer to it.

Lines
Lines
Dental compositions contain a multitude of lines that are more or less expressed as the occlusal plane, incisive plane, midline, or tooth direction. Equal and crossed lines are important to the harmony of the composition because of the cohesive or segregate forces that they can produce.

Dominance
Dominance is the prime requisite for providing unity because unity is the prime requisite for providing a composition. Dominance provides static (monotonous) or dynamic (vigorous) unity. Colour, shape, and lines are factors that can create dominance. They can always be detected in any natural composition, but their ‘importance varies.

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